Introduction :   Mesenchymal stromal cells, due to their immunoregulatory properties, are used in many clinical trials to treat different disorders such as dysimmune and inflammatory diseases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and organ transplants. These immunosuppressive capacities of MSCs play a central role during tissue repair. Indeed, MSCs are sensors of the inflammatory environment, and therefore can modify macrophage functions (in particular MSCs can "switch" M1-pro-inflammatory macrophages in M2-anti-inflammatory macrophages). However, the interaction between MФ and MSCs and its effect on the MSC properties are poorly understood. Moreover, for a better use of these cells in clinic, we need to determine...